Pharmacology-1 available questions for Islamic University: [IU-2020]
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[IU-2020] Pharmacology-1
Define bioavailability with example.
Illustrate the facilitated diffusion with characteristics.
Briefly describe the effects of drug.
What is drug interaction? Why so many routes of administration is needed?
What do you mean by withdrawal reactions?
Briefly discuss the mechanism of action of pain and nociception.
"More potent antagonists can be made by incorporating the same structural changes used to make morphine a more potent analgesic" -Explain.
State the reason of combination of atropine with diphenoxylate? Write the mechanism of action of loperamide.
What are the major components of drug distribution?
Define and classify drug interaction.
Illustrate the sublingual route with advantages and disadvantages.
Explain-Why acidic drug should preferably be absorbed from stomach and basic drug from intestine?
Illustrate the use of prostaglandin and bradykinin.
Differentiate between functions of histamine and antihistamine.
Write down the mechanism of action and indication of histamine.
Define serotonin. Write down the biological functions of serotonin.
What is drug protein binding?
Differentiate between agonist and antagonist.
Write down the factors related to GIT affecting drug absorption.
Classify the methods of drug administration with example.
"A dynamic balance between prostacyclin and thromboxane A2 production in platelets may maintain cardiovascular homeostasis" -explain?
State the role of N-acetyl cysteine in paracetamol overdose.
Differentiate between sedative and hypnotic drugs.
Classify benzodiazepines with examples. Discuss the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines and barbiturates.
How is HCI secreted in the stomach?
Describe different cells of stomach and the mechanism of action of H2-receptor antagonist.
Why dose ranitidine is better than cimetidine?
Mention the indications and side effects of proton pump inhibitors.
Give an overview of opioid receptors.
Discuss an opioid drug that is 7X more potent than morphine and better than synthetics.
How can you produce levorphanol? State the reason of combination of acetaminophen with oxycodone.
Mention the hypothesis of COX-1 and COX-2.
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