Pharmaceutical Analysis-1 available questions for Comilla University: [CoU-2022, CoU-2021, CoU-2020]
Pharmaceutical Analysis-2 available questions:
[CoU-2022, CoU-2021]
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[CoU-2022] Pharmaceutical Analysis-1
What do you mean by pharmaceutical analysis? Give its importance in pharmacy.
Discuss different techniques of pharmaceutical analysis.
Write on:
(i) Collection of data
(ii) Precision of representative sample
What is titration? Mention the types of various titrations.
What is indicator? Illustrate the mechanism of color change of an indicator.
Discuss the titration of weak acid with strong base.
Discuss on the determination of redox potential.
On what condition redox titration curve depends on dilution. Explain that oxidimetric titration can be proceed without an indicator.
Why sulfuric acid is used instead of hydrochloric acid in the determination of Fe2+ in permanganate solution?
Why coupled oxidation reduction reaction occurs during redox titration.
Why non aqueous acid base titration is important in pharmacy.
Mention the criteria for selection of non-aqueous acid base titration.
What are universal indicators and mixed indicators? How is universal indicator used to identify acids and bases?
Write on non-aqueous solvents.
Define aquametry. Differentiate between aquametry and water analysis.
How can you determine the end point of Karl-Fischer titration?
How could you prepare Karl-Fischer reagent and standardize it.
What is polarimeter? Discuss on various parts of it.
Write on:
(i) recemic mixture
(ii) specific rotation.
What is optical activity? Write down the factors that affect angle of rotation.
What is meant by normal phase and reverse phase chromatography? What are the advantages and disadvantages of TLC.
Write on the advantages and disadvantages of fluorescence spectroscopy. Mention the application of Flourometry.
Give the factors affecting redox titration. Why are redox titration useful.
Write on any three from the following questions:
a) Titration of strong acid with strong base. b) Equilibrium constant of redox reaction.
c) Optical Circular Dichroism
d) Complexometric titration.
[CoU-2021] Pharmaceutical Analysis-1
What do you mean by chromatography? Write on various types of chromatography.
Narrate the procedure, advantages and disadvantages of ion exchange chromatography.
Give the application of thin layer chromatography.
Compare and contrast between isocratic and gradient pumps.
How guard column and solvent saturation column protects the main analytical column.
What is meant by normal phase and reverse phase chromatography? Why do we use reverse phase HPLC?
Write down the basic principle of HPLC. What is the difference between C8 and C18 in HPLC column?
Illustrate various theories of acid and bases.
What is end point? State the criteria of a substance to be an ideal indicator.
Narrate the titration of a weak acid using strong base with their titration curve.
Why all indicators are suitable for titration of strong acid and strong bases?
Define spectrum. Give the description of light source, detector and sample holder of UV-spectrophotometer.
Illustrate the Lambert law and show that absorbance of UV light varies depending on length of the sample holder.
Narrate the process of determination of potency of a drug by using a UV spectrophotometer.
Write on various sources of water.
Describe the standardization process of Karl-Fischer reagent by using standard water.
Illustrate various methods for determination of end point in Karl-Fischer titration.
A 290mg sample of sodium tartarate requires 10.8 ml KFR to get the end point. If 16.40 ml of the 3 reagent is required to titrate the water in a 250 mg sample, then calculate the percent of water in the sample.
What is non-aqueous acid base titration? Give its significance in pharmacy.
What are primary and secondary standards used in acid base titrations?
Mention the solvents that are suitable for non-aqueous titration.
Give the justification of excess use of methanol in Karl-Fischer reagent.
Define:
(i) polarimetry
(ii) optical activity
(iii) optical rotation
(iv) molecular rotation.
How important is accuracy and precision in conducting pharmaceutical analysis?
Write down the CD effect.
State the application of polarimeter.
Write down short notes on blue shift.
Write down short notes on trouble shooting of HPLC.
Write down short notes on deviation of absorption from Lambert and Beer equation.
Write down short notes on significance of quantitative analysis in pharmaceutical analysis.
[CoU-2020] Pharmaceutical Analysis-1
What is titration? Mention the types of various titrations.
What is indicator? Illustrate the mechanism of color change of an indicator.
Discuss the principle of lodometric titrations. Give the difference between iodometry and lodimetry.
Why is non-aqucous acid base titration important in pharmacy?
Mention the criteria for selection of non-aqueous acid base titration.
Illustrate the process of non-aqueous titration of bases.
Write on non-aqueous solvents.
Write short note on:
Complexometric titration
Redox titration
Discuss on preparation of Karl-Fischer reagent and standardization of it.
How can you determine the end point of Karl-Fischer titration?
Write short note on Masking and Demasking Agents.
What is chromatography? Discuss its classification based on mechanism of separation.
Write on the principle, procedure and application of column chromatography.
What is HPLC? Compare and contrast between normal phase and reverse phase chromatography.
Discuss on the analytical column of HPLC.
Write on:
(i) Tailing (ii) Fronting (iii) theoretical plate number (iv) Resolution.
What is polarimeter. Discuss on various parts of it.
Write on: (i) Racemic mixture (ii) Specific rotation.
What is optical activity? Write down the factors affecting the angle of rotation.
What is spectroscopy? Define: (1) Spectrum (ii) Absorption.
Show that A=abc
Narrate on the factors resulting in deviation from standard curve of absorption in UV spectrophotometer.
Define aquametry. Differentiate between aquametry and water analysis.
Write short note on:
a)Red shift
b) PDA detector
c) Potency determination of a drug in UV spectrophotometer
[CoU-2022] Pharmaceutical Analysis-II
What is the principle of turbidimetric method in microbiology?
What is the importance of antibiotic sensitivity test in microbiology?
Compare and contrast between potentiometric and amperometric titration.
Mention the advantages of a two electrode amperometer over one electrode amperometer.
Describe any one type of detector used in infrared spectroscopy.
What is dilution procedure in the cup plate method technique?
Derive the equation: -ηλ = 2dsin0
Write a brief description of the instrumentation used in X-ray crystallography.
How trace metals can be analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy?
What are advantages, disadvantages and applications of atomic absorption spectroscopy?
Differ between functional group region and finger-print region in IR spectrometry.
What is the stationary phase in Gas Chromatography?
What type of gases are used in Gas Chromatography?
Write a short note on 'Flame Ionization Detector'.
What is the basic principle of GC?
How does dipole moment affect frequency on IR band? Explain with example.
What are the common applications of infrared spectroscopy?
Name the basic components of an infrared spectrometer. What are the advantages of FT- IR over IR?
What are the steps of X-ray crystallography?
What are the applications of X-ray crystallography?
How infra-red spectrometer can be utilized in the drug-excipient compatibility test?
Illustrate the fragmentation pattern of
i) Benzene
ii) Ethanol in mass spectrometry.
Describe the analyzing technique of quadruple detector of mass spectrometry.
Mention the applications of mass spectrometry in pharmaceutical sector.
Explain spin-spin coupling and spin-spin decoupling. Define coupling constant. What is long range coupling?
Explain nuclear over hauser effect. What is COSY and NOESY NMR?
[CoU-2021] Pharmaceutical Analysis- II
Define NMR. Write down the principle of NMR.
Write a short note on the chemical shift.
What are the types of NMR? Describe them.
Briefly explain the principle and instrumentation of IR spectrophotometer.
What are the main differences between high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography?
How temperature programming is needed in GC analysis?
What is Potentiometric Titration? What is the Principle of Potentiometric Titration?
Why is ppm utilized to measure the chemical shift value in NMR spectroscopy?
Describe the procedure of cup-plate method of microbiological assay of antibiotics?
What do you mean by repeatability and reproducibility in quality control analysis?
Why are inert gases used in atomic absorption spectrometry for analysis?
Describe some common types of reference and indicator electrodes of a potentiometer.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of turbidimetric method?
How are turbidimetric methods used to measure microbial growth?
The FTIR spectroscopy is very effective for qualitative identification to investigate the possible interactions of drugs and excipients' Explain this statement.
Why hydrogen bond alters the force constant in IR spectroscopy? Describe different types of IR detectors.
Compare and contrast between potentiometric and amperometric titration.
What are the desirable characteristics of a GC detector?
What is the significance of theoretical plates in GC?
Why is atomic absorption spectrometry only used for metals?
What is the application of monochromator in atomic absorption spectrometry?
What is X-ray crystallography? Why X-rays are used in it instead of light or electrons?
Narrate the principle behind X-ray crystallography.
Describe the steps of structure determination by X-ray crystallography.
What is the principle of spectroscopy? What information can be obtained from the following two spectroscopic methods about the structure of organic compounds.
1) UV spectroscopy
2) Mass spectroscopy
How does mass spectrometry measure the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of one or more molecules present in a sample?
What is the main function of a mass analyzer in a mass spectrometry?
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